Ateneo Physics Department: Atmospheric Science Program

MS Atmospheric Science Program

Requirements, Curriculum and Course Descriptions

I. Admission Requirements

• ƒA bachelors degree in science or engineering from a college of goodstanding
• A general undergraduate average of 85 percent, B or 2.0;
• A minimum of 18 undergraduate units or its equivalent in the major field in which the applicant intends to do graduate work which includes Calculus, General Physics, and General Chemistry;
• Facility with the use of computers and common software (e.g. word processors, spreadsheets, etc), preferably with a working knowledge of at least one programming language;
• Acceptable scores in the entrance tests administered by the Ateneo Center for Psychological and Educational Assessment;
• An interview with the Department Chairperson/Program Head.

II. The Curriculum

The Master of Science in Atmospheric Science (MS AS) curriculum is founded on the classical graduate curriculum for Meteorology but allows for flexibility in accommodating the gamut of topics and fields that are beyond the scope of classical Meteorology but within the broader vista of atmospheric research (e.g. atmospheric chemistry, computational science and modeling, etc.).  Proceeding from the classical foundational Meteorology courses, the student may tackle current atmospheric research problems from the general vantage point of either measurements (instrumentation and monitoring) and/or modeling (computer analysis). The MS AS program will require a Masteral Thesis which may be based on topics of particular importance to the student’s line of work and/or topics the graduate faculty are actively engaged in. The curriculum also allows for balancing or bridging courses intended for potential students with little or no background in Atmospheric Science (science, math & engineering majors).

Master of Science in Atmospheric Science (MS AS) (Effective SY 2008-09) Curriculum

I. Core/Required Courses Units

Subject	Description	Units
AS 201	Foundations of Atmospheric Science	3
AS 230	Mathematical Methods for Atmospheric Science	3
Ps 230	Geophysical Fluid Dynamics 3Geophysical Fluid Dynamics	3
Ps 231	Computational Models for the Environment	3
Ps 232	Physical Meteorology	3
Ps 233	Dynamic Meteorology	3

II. Electives (Choose at least 2) Units

Cat. No.	Course Title	Units
AS 204	Synoptic Meteorology	3
AS 204	Synoptic Meteorology	3
AS 205	Tropical Meteorology	3
AS 211	Climatology	3
AS 221	Boundary Layer Dynamics	3
AS 232	Computational Models for the Environment II	3
AS 243	Atmospheric Chemistry	3
AS 260.xx	Special Topics	3
AS 270.x	Advanced Research Laboratory	3
Ps 241	Fundamentals of Air Pollution	3
Ps 242	Physics of the Environment and Climate	3
Ps 243	Remote Sensing and Environmental Mapping	3
Ps 244	Environmental Instrumentation	3

III. Other Requirements Units

Cat. No.	Course Title	Units
AS 280.x	Seminar	1
AS 291	Thesis 1 (Research Design)	3
AS 292	Thesis 2 (Thesis Writing & Defense)	3
	Comprehensive Exam	0

NOTE:
– “Lab” may be taken to mean “a complementary activity or exercise”
Modes of Delivery

The MS AS is normally composed of 31 units (1 unit = 18 hours of instruction) consisting of 24 units of course work, 1 seminar, and 6 units for the thesis. The courses will be delivered once a week (i.e. 3 hours/week) for eighteen weeks. Some 3-unit courses are considered pure lecture courses while others are allocated 2 units for lecture and 1 unit for lab. A lab exercise is any activity that involves computer use, laboratory analysis or instrumentation, field activity or exercise, field trip, or any activity complementary to the lecture.

Degree Requirements

Students must take and pass all core courses with an overall “B” average and complete the Thesis. The students must also pass a written Comprehensive Examination after completion of all coursework. Upon completion of all their academic requirements, the students will receive the degree of Master of Science in Atmospheric Science from the Ateneo de Manila University.

Master of Science in Atmospheric Science (MS AS)

MASTER LIST OF COURSES

Cat. No.	Course Title	Units
AS 201	Foundations of Atmospheric Science	3
AS 204	Synoptic Meteorology	3
AS 205	Tropical Meteorology	3
AS 211	Climatology	3
AS 221	Boundary Layer Dynamics	3
AS 230	Mathematical Methods for Atmospheric Science	3
AS 232	Computational Models for the Environment II	3
AS 243	Atmospheric Chemistry	3
AS 260.xx	Special Topics	3
AS 270.x	Advanced Research Laboratory	3
AS 280.x	Seminar	1
AS 291	Thesis 1 – Research Design	3
AS 292	Thesis 2 – Thesis Writing and Defense	3
Ps 230	Geophysical Fluid Dynamics	3
Ps 231	Computational Models for the Environment	3
Ps 232	Physical Meteorology	3
Ps 233	Dynamic Meteorology	3
Ps 241	Fundamentals of Air Pollution	3
Ps 242	Physics of the Environment and Climate	3
Ps 243	Remote Sensing and Environmental Mapping	3
Ps 244	Environmental Instrumentation	3

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS FOR MS AS

AS 201 Foundations of Atmospheric Science (3 units)

Atmospheric parameters: temperature, pressure, density, humidity, wind
vectors. Vertical structure of the atmosphere. Equation of State. Hydrostatic and
Hypsometric Equations.

Prerequisite: None.

Bibliography:

Ahrens, C. D., Essentials of Meteorology, 5th Ed., Brooks Cole, 2007.
Ahrens, C. D., Meteorology Today, 8th Ed., Brooks Cole, 2006.
Andrews, D. G., Introduction to Atmospheric Physics, Cambridge
University Press, 2000.
Bohren, C. F. & B. A. Albrecht, Atmospheric Thermodynamics, New
York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Dutton, J. A., The Ceaseless Wind: An Introduction to the Theory of
Atmospheric Motion, Dover Publications, 2002..
Houghton, J., The Physics of Atmospheres, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
McIlveen, R., Fundamentals of Weather and Climate, London: Chapman & Hall, 1992.
Peixoto, J. P. & A. H. Oort, Physics of Climate, New York: SpringerVerlag, 1992.
Rogers, R. R. & M. K. Yau, A Short Course in Cloud Physics, 3rd Ed., Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1989
Salby, M. L., Fundamentals of Atmospheric Physics, San Diego: Academic Press, 1996.
Stull, R., Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers, 2nd Ed., Brooks/Cole
Thomson Learning, 2000.
Wallace J. M. & P. V. Hobbs, Atmospheric Science: An Introductory Survey, 2nd
ed., Volume 92, International Geophysics Series, San Diego: Academic Press, 2006.
AS 204 Synoptic Meteorology (3 units)

Principles of operational weather forecasting. Manual and computer-aided
synoptic analysis techniques. Life cycles and structure of tropical and extratropical systems. Applications of upper air data, numerical models, satellite and radar imagery on weather prediction.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230
Bibliography:
Ackerman and Knox, Meteorology: Understanding the Atmosphere, Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing, 2003.
Bluestein, H.B., Synoptic-Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes, Vol. 1,
Principles of Kinematics and Dynamics, USA: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Bluestein, H.B., Synoptic-Dynamic Meteorology in Midlatitudes, Vol. 2,
Observations and Theory of Weather Systems, USA: Oxford
University Press, 1993.
Burt, C.C., Extreme Weather, New York: Norton Press, 2005.
Carlson, T. N., Mid-Latitude Weather Systems, London: Routledge, 1998.
Djuric, D., Weather Analysis, UK: Pearson Education Limited, 1994.
Doswell, C. A., Severe Convective Storms, Boston: American Meteorological Society, 2001.
Ferguson, Kitty, Tyco and Kepler, New York: Walker & Co., 2002.
Holton, J.R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology 4th ed., Academic Press, 2004.
Houghton, D., Handbook of Applied Meteorology, New York: WileyInterscience, 1985.
Lynch, Amanda H., and Cassano, John J., Applied Atmospheric Dynamics, West Sussex: Wiley, 2006.
Martin, Jonathan E., Mid-Latitude Atmospheric Dynamics: A First Course, Chichester, England ; Hoboken, NJ: Wiley 2006.
Palmen, E., and Newton, C.W., Atmospheric Circulation Systems, New York: Academic. Press, 1969.
Petterssen, S., Weather Analysis and Forecasting – Volume I and II, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
Santurette, Patrick and Georgiev, Christo G., Weather Analysis and Forecasting, Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier Academic Press, 2005.
Saucier, W., Principles of Meteorological Analysis, Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 1955.
Shapiro, M. and Gronas, S., The Life Cycles of Extratropical Cyclones, Boston: American Meteorological Society, 1999.
Stull, Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers, 2nd Ed., Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning, 2000.

AS 205 Tropical Meteorology (3 units)

Dynamics of meteorological disturbances in the tropics. Global-scale and
monsoon circulations, the intertropical convergence zone, tropical waves, tropical cyclones, local circulations, and convective disturbances. El Niño and La Niña phenomena.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:
Anthes, R., Tropical Cyclones – Their Evolution, Structure, and Effects,
AMS, 1982.
Asnani, G. C., Tropical Meteorology, Volumes 1, 2 and 3 (revised edition), Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, 2005.
Atkinson, G. D., Forecasters’ Guide to Tropical Meteorology, Air Weather, 1971.
Hartmann, D., Global Physical Climatology, New York: Academic Press, 1994.
Hastenrath, S., Climate and Circulation of the Tropics, Boston: Reidel, 1988. (chapter 6)
Hennon, C. C., Tropical Meteorology: A First Course, Asheville: UNCA, 2006.
Holton, J. R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, 4th Edition, New York: Academic Press, 2004. (chapters 10 & 11)
Krishnamurti, T. N., Tropical meteorology, Compendium of Meteorology, ed. by A. Wan-Nielsen. WMO No. 364., 1979.
Palmer, C. E., Tropical Meteorology, Boston: Compendium of Meteorology, 1951.
Ramage, Colin, Forecaster’s Guide to Tropical Meteorology, Illinois: Air Weather Service Scott AFB, 1995.
Ramage, Colin, Monsoon Meteorology, New York: Academic Press, 1974.
Riehl, H., Climate and Weather in the Tropics, New York: Academic Press, 1979.
Riehl, H. Tropical Meteorology, New York: McGraw-Hill,1954.
Sharkov, E. A., Global Tropical Cyclogenesis, Springer, 2001.
Introduction to Tropical Meteorology (on-line module)
https://www.meted.ucar.edu/loginForm.php?urlPath=tropical/textbook#

AS 211 Climatology (3 units)

The physical basis of climate. Global, regional, and urban climates.
Principles of climate modeling; applications of climatology to environmental
studies.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:
Hartmann, D. L., Global Physical Climatology, Volume 56, International Geophysics Series, Academic Press, 1994.
Houghton et al., Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, WG1 Report to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), WMOUNEP, 2001
McGuffie, K. & A. Henderson-Sellers, A Climate Modelling Primer, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
Monin, A. S., An Introduction to the Theory of Climate, Springer, 1986.
Oliver, J. E. & J. J. Hidore, Climatology: An Atmospheric Science, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 2001.
Solomon et al., Climate Change 2007—The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the 4th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), WMO-UNEP, 2007.
Taylor, F. W., Elementary Climate Physics, Oxford University Press, 2005.
Trenberth, K. E., Climate System Modeling, Cambridge University Press, 1993.

AS 221 Boundary Layer Dynamics (3 units)

Structure and dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer, turbulent transfer of properties, mathematical modeling of the boundary layer.
Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:
Arya, S. P., Introduction to Micrometeorology, 2nd ed., Academic Press, 2001.
Garratt, J. R., The Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Cambridge Atmospheric and Space Science Series, Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Hatfield, J. L., Micrometeorology in Agricultural Systems, American Society of Agronomy-Crop Science Society of America-Soil Science Society of America, 2005.
Kaimal, J. C. & J. J. Finnigan, Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows: Their Structure and Measurement, New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
Stull, R. B., An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology, Springer, 1988.

AS 230 Mathematical Methods for Atmospheric Science (3 units)

Survey of differential and integral calculus. Partial differential equations. Elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic equations (implicit and explicit forms). Taylor series to Nth order and finite difference approximations. Statistical methods in diffusion modeling.
Prerequisite: None.

Bibliography:
Daley, R., Atmospheric Data Analysis, Cambridge Atmospheric and Space Science Series, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Hirsch, M.W., Differential Equations, Dynamical Systems, and an Introduction to Chaos, Academic Press, 2003.
Marsden, J. and Tromba, A., Vector Calculus, W.H. Freeman, 2003
Wilks, D. S., Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, 2nd ed., Volume 91, International Geophysics Series, Springer, 2005.

AS 232 Computational Models for the Environment II (3 units)

Experiments with numerical weather prediction models; applications of models on selected problems in operational forecasting, climate change, and air
pollution dispersion.

Prerequisite: Ps 231

Bibliography:
Bronstert, A. et al (eds.), Coupled Models for the Hydrological Cycle: Integrating Atmosphere, Biosphere and Pedosphere, Springer, 2005.
Kagan, Boris A., Hazin, Mikhail (Translator), Ocean Atmosphere
Interaction and Climate Modeling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Henderson Sellers, A. and McGuffe, K., Climate Modelling Premier, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1987.
Holton, J. R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, 4th Edition, New York: Academic Press, 2004.
Jacobson, Mark Z., Fundamentals of Atmospheric Modeling, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
James, Ian N., Introduction to Circulating Atmospheres, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Kalnay, Eugenia. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
McGuffie, K. & A. Henderson-Sellers, A Climate Modelling Primer, John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
Satoh, M., Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models, Springer, 2004.
Trenberth, K.E.,(Ed.) Climate System Modeling, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1992.
Numerical Methods used in Atmospheric Models, WMO GARP-17.

AS 243 Atmospheric Chemistry (3 units)

Review of basic principles of physical chemistry; evolution and chemical composition of earth’s atmosphere; half-life, residence and renewal time; sources, transformation, transport and sinks of gases in the troposphere; atmospheric aerosols; chemical cycles; air pollution; stratospheric chemistry.

Prerequisite: None.

Bibliography:

Birks, J.. Calvert, J., and Sievers, R. The Chemistry of the Atmosphere: Its Impact on Global Change, Washington: American Chemical Society,
1993.
Brasseur, Guy P., Orlando, John J., and Tyndall, Geoffrey S., Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Change, New York: Academic Press, 1999.
Brasseur, Guy P., Prinn, Ronald G., & Pszenny, Alexander A. P. (eds.), Atmospheric Chemistry in a Changing World, Springer, 2003.
Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J., Pitts, James, N. Jr, Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere : Theory, Experiments and Applications, San
Diego, Calif. : Academic Press, 2000.
Graedel, T., and Crutzen, P. Atmospheric Change: An Earth System Perspective, New York: Freeman, 1992.
Hobbs, P. V., Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000.
Jacob, D. J., Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Princeton University Press, 1999.
Manahan, S. E., Environmental Chemistry, CRC, 2004.
Seinfeld, J. H., and Pandis S. N., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air Pollution to Climate Change, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1998.
Wayne, R. Chemistry of Atmospheres 2nd ed, New York: Oxford, 1991.

AS 260.xx Special Topics (3 units)

This course involves advanced detailed coursework related to the topics of interest of the student and the faculty in charge.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor

AS 270.x Advanced Research Laboratory (3 units)

Advanced research project in Atmospheric Science.

Prerequisite: consent of instructor

AS 280.x Seminar (1 unit)

Students shall select a relevant topic of their own interest and present a seminar on this. Each student shall be guided by a mentor. All enrolled students are required to attend all seminars during the assigned semester. Students are evaluated in terms of the quality of their presentations and participation.
Normally, the student shall take the seminar during the second year in the
program.

Prerequisite: None.

AS 291 Thesis 1 – Research Design (3 units)

This course is designed to introduce students to the principles of research design and research methods as they begin to develop a research proposal, formulate research questions, select data gathering methods, and interpret appropriate statistical procedures. This will discuss methodological issues that students have to consider in designing and conducting research. This course will also extend the student’s knowledge on style and format of writing a dissertation as well as use of graduate electronic resources and statistical analysis.

Prerequisite: Pass Comprehensive Exam.

AS 292 Thesis 2 – Thesis Writing and Defense (3 units)

This 3-unit course forms the second and final part of the student’s research. This will serve as venue for the completion of the thesis requirement where the student concentrates on finishing the write-up and orally presenting a defensible result of the thesis at the end.
Prerequisite: Pass AS 291.

Ps 230 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (3 units)

This course involves a discussion of the basic concepts of geophysical fluids. The topics covered are dynamical equations in rotating coordinate systems, beta plane approximation, irrotational and non-divergent flows, Boussinesq and quasi-geotrophic approximations, vorticity and divergence equations, and potential vorticity theorem.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:

Cushman-Roisin, Benoit, Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall, 1994.
Dutton, J. A., Dynamics of Atmospheric Motion, New York: Dover Publications, Inc., 1995.
Kundu, P. K. & I. M. Cohen, Fluid Mechanics, 4th Ed., Academic Press, 2007.
McWilliams, J. C., Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Pedlosky, Joseph, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics 2nd Rep Ed., Springer Verlag, 1992.
Satoh, M., Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models, Springer, 2004.
Scorer, R. S., Dynamics of Meteorology and Climate, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.

Ps 231 Computational Models for the Environment (3 units)

This course introduces students to computer solutions of geophysical fluid problems, atmospheric, oceanic, and hydrological models, as well as numerical solutions of model equations. Students are also given the opportunity for a handson experience in running computer models.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:

Haltiner, George J. & Williams, Roger T., Numerical Prediction and Dynamic Meteorology 2nd Ed., New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1980.
Marchuk, G. I., Numerical Methods in Weather Prediction, Academic Press, 1974.
Müller, P., et al., Computer Modelling in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, New York: Springer-Verlag, 2004.
Strogatz, S.H., Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos: With Applications to Physics, Biology, Chemistry and Engineering, Perseus Books Group, 2001.
Thomann, R. V. & Mueller, J. A., Principles of Surface Water Quality Modeling and Control, Harper and Row Publishers, 1997.
Trenberth, K. E., Climate System Modeling, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Tung, K.K, Topics in Mathematical Modelling Princeton University Press, 2007.
Wendt, John F., ed., Computational Fluid Dynamics: An Introduction, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996.

Ps 232 Physical Meteorology (3 units)

This course introduces students to the fundamental concepts of physical meteorology. Topics include thermodynamics and radiative processes in the atmosphere, first and second laws of thermodynamics, atmospheric statics, adiabatic processes, solar and terrestrial radiation, radiation transfer including absorption, emission and scattering. Radiation and climate are also covered.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230

Bibliography:
Anthes, Richard A., Meteorology 7th Ed., New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc.,
1997.
Bohren, C. F. & B. A. Albrecht, Atmospheric Thermodynamics, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Bohren, C. F. & E. Clothiaux, Fundamentals of Atmospheric Radiation: An Introduction with 400 Problems, Wiley-VCH, 2006.
Fleagle, R. G. & Businger, J. A., An Introduction to Atmospheric Physics, Academic Press, 1980.
Goody, Richard, Principles of Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry, New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 1995.
Hess, S. L., Introduction to Theoretical Meteorology, Rinehart and Winston, 1979.
Houghton, J., The Physics of Atmospheres, Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Kokhanovsky, A. A., Cloud Optics, Volume 34, Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library, Springer, 2006.
Liou, K. N., An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation, 2nd Ed., Volume 84, International Geophysics Series, Academic Press, 2002.
Pruppacher, H. R. & J. D. Klett, Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation, 2nd Ed., Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997.
Rogers, R. R. & M. K. Yau, A Short Course in Cloud Physics, 3rd Ed., Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1989

Ps 233 Dynamic Meteorology (3 units)

Dynamic meteorology studies the motions associated with weather and climate. Thus, this course aims to conduct a theoretical analysis of the structure and the behavior of wave disturbances, Rossby and Kelvin waves, barotropic and baroclinic instabilities, energetics of atmospheric systems, wave dispersion and group velocity.

Prerequisite: AS 201, AS 230, Ps 230

Bibliography:
Haltiner, G. J. & Martin, F. L., Dynamical and Physical Meteorology, McGraw-Hill, 1957.
Holton, James R., An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, 4th ed., Volume 88, International Geophysics Series, New York: Academic Press Inc., 2004.
Houghton, John T., The Physics of Atmospheres 2nd Ed., Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1995.
Lynch, A. H. & J. J. Cassano, Applied Atmospheric Dynamics, Wiley, 2006.
Satoh, M., Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models, Springer, 2004.
Vallis, G. K., Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-scale Circulation, Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Zdunkowski, W., & A. Bott, Dynamics of the Atmosphere: A Course in Theoretical Meteorology, Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Ps 241 Fundamentals of Air Pollution (3 units)

Faced with the current problems of air pollution, this course aims to understand this phenomenon with a discussion of the principles of transport and dispersion of atmospheric pollutants. Models for point, line and area sources, and large eddy simulation models are also covered. This course also affords students
practical experience using computer models.

Prerequisite: None.

Bibliography:
Arya, S. P., Air Pollution Meteorology and Dispersion, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Jacobson, M. Z., Atmospheric Pollution: History, Science, and Regulation, Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Nieuwstadt, F. T. M. & Van Dop, H., Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modeling, Reidel, 1999.
Pasquill, F., Atmospheric Diffusion, Wiley, 1962.
Seinfeld, John H. & Pandis, Spyros (contributor), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
Boubel, R. W. et al., Fundamentals of Air Pollution, 3rd ed., Academic Press, 1994.
Warner, Cecil F., Davis, Wayne T. & Wark, Jr., Kenneth, Air Pollution: Its Origin and Control 3rd Ed., Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1997.

Ps 242 Physics of the Environment and Climate (3 units)

This course stresses the interrelationship of the components of the environment. The discussion focuses on the environmental changes due to the greenhouse effect, stratospheric ozone depletion, and urban pollution and climate modification. The consequences of these phenomena in relation to climate change and other components of the environment are also relevant topics of the course.

Prerequisite: None.
Bibliography:
Boeker, Egbert and van Grondelle, Rienk, Environmental Physics, Chichester: Wiley, 2000.
Guyot, Gérard, Physics of the Environment and Climate, Chichester: Wiley, 1998.
Hartmann, D., Global Physical Climatology, New York: Academic Press,1994.
Mason, N. J., Hughes, P., Environmental Physics, London: Taylor and Francis, 1999.
Monteith,J.L. and Unsworth, M.L., Principles of Environmental Physics. Second edition, London: Arnold, 1990.
Oort, Abraham H. (ed.) and Peixoto, J. P., Physics of Climate. New York: American Institute of Physics. 1992.
Seinfeld, J. H., and Pandis S. N., Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air Pollution to Climate Change, New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1998.

Ps 243 Remote Sensing and Environmental Mapping (3 units)

Students in this course are introduced to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and satellite remote sensing techniques for environmental management. It also covers case studies involving land use change detection, land degradation, urban morphology and emissions mapping.

Prerequisite: None.
Bibliography:
Burrough, Peter A. & McDonnell, Rachael A., Principles of Geographical Information Systems, New York: Oxford University Press Inc., 1998.
Campbell, James B., Introduction to Remote Sensing 2nd Ed., Guilford
Press, 1996.
Colwell, Robert N., ed., Manual of Remote Sensing: Theory, Instruments and Techniques 2nd Ed., Vol. 1, Virginia: American Society of Photogrammetry, 1983.
Colwell, Robert N., ed., Manual of Remote Sensing: Interpretation and Applications 2nd Ed., Vol. 2, Virginia: American Society of Photogrammetry, 1983.
Elachi, Charles, Introduction to the Physics and Techniques of Remote Sensing, John Wiley & Sons, 1987.
Rees, G., The Remote Sensing Data Book, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Rees, W. G., Physical Principles of Remote Sensing, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, 2001.
Schowengerdt, Robert A., Techniques for Image Processing and Classification in Remote Sensing, Academic Press, 1983.

Ps 244 Environmental Instrumentation (3 units)

This course deals with the fundamentals of instrumentation for measuring environmental variables. Furthermore, there is a discussion of electronic sensors, optics, lidar, and radar. Concepts of sensitivity, detection limits, accuracy, and time response are significant topics relating to measurement. Processing of observational data and statistical analysis is necessary in the evaluation of results.
Prerequisite: None.

Bibliography:
Bottaccini, M. R., Instruments and Measurements, Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill Pub, 1975.
Brock, Fred B., and Richardson, Scott J., Meteorological Measurement Systems, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
DeFelice, Thomas P., Meteorological Instrumentation and Measurement, An Introduction to Meteorological Instrumentation and Measurement, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1997.
Down, Randy D., Lehr, Jay H.,(Eds.), Environmental instrumentation and analysis handbook, New York: Wiley and Sons, 2004.
Fritschen, L. D. and L. W. Gay, Environmental Instrumentation, New York: Springer Verlag, 1979.
Kaimal, J. C. & J. J. Finnigan, Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows: Their Structure and Measurement, Oxford University Press, 1993.
Measures, Raymond M., Laser Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and
Applications, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1984.
Nachtigal, C.L., Instrumentation and Control – Fundamentals and Applications. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990.
Rees, W. G., Physical Principles of Remote Sensing, 2nd ed., Cambridge
University Press, 2001.
Rees, G., The Remote Sensing Data Book, Cambridge University Press,
2005.
Visconti, G., Di Carlo P., Brune, W., Schoeberl M., and Wahner, A., Observing Systems for Atmospheric Composition,. Berlin: Springer, 2007.
Wang, J. Y., and Felton, Catherine M. M., Instruments for Physical Environmental Measurements, with Special Emphasis on Atmospheric Instruments, Volume 1 and Volume 2, Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt
Publishing Co, 1975, 1983.
Webster, J. G. eds. The Measurement, Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1999.